Peter O’Connor has over two decades of experience spanning the energy, power, minerals and waste sectors, having worked on a diverse range of projects across Europe throughout his career. He combines technical expertise with a passion for mentoring early-career team members and delivering impactful projects that contribute to Ireland’s energy transition and sustainability goals.

Tell us about what inspired you to join the industry.

I started off with passion and fascination with maps and geography. I wasn’t sure what I wanted to do, but then I went to an open evening for a surveying course in Dublin. I always loved the idea of working outdoors rather than being stuck behind a desk. The course opened doors to travel across Europe, working on surveying different projects through Erasmus and similar summer schemes between third level institutes.

I started my career in a company that specialised in mineral surveying. From there, I began working on various projects, which gradually led me to focus on energy and power. I’ve certainly had my share of experiences in the field — many of which include challenging site and weather conditions.

Initially, I was directly involved with mineral exploration, management and extraction projects. This progressed to managing mineral waste, which eventually transitioned into commercial and industrial waste projects and nudged my career into the world of the circular economy. I’ve been directly involved in projects where we reduce waste, manage resources and harness energy, and now work on a range of thermal and renewable energy generation sector projects. It’s interesting to witness how interconnected these elements are in our industry, a true circular economy and the challenges that the modern world brings with it. Joining ArchTam was a perfect fit and the role allowed me to combine my expertise in energy and power sectors, with my ability to mentor early-career professionals while allowing me to become a trusted advisor for clients.

What is your favorite ArchTam project that you’ve worked on and why?

One of the most rewarding projects I’ve worked on is the Kilroot Power Station project in Northern Ireland. The project kicked off shortly before the first coronavirus lockdown in 2020 and involved transitioning a coal-fired power station to gas, which required pre-application work for a gas pipeline connection and integrating advanced technology. It wasn’t without its challenges — lockdowns, social distance site visits and a challenging programme managing a large multi-disciplinary environmental team was part of the job — but seeing the project secure consent, constructed and go live was incredibly fulfilling and rewarding. The early-career team members were excited about the projects as well, because they knew that the client was invested, and they could see the full project lifecycle — design to consenting to construction through to implementation — be delivered in a relatively short period of time. Our team’s environmental expertise and robust Environmental Statement and support to the planning process ensured the project itself contributed to cleaner energy solutions in the region and is a great example of how our work can make a real difference.

Tell us a story of how your work positively impacted the community.

Many of the projects I work on are large‑scale in nature, and as a result, their impact is both far‑reaching and undeniable. Our clients are deeply committed to strengthening energy security during a critical transitional period on the journey toward net zero. Being part of this work — especially at a time when the industry is navigating such complex challenges and ambitious sustainability goals — feels genuinely meaningful.

Knowing that our contributions help keep essential services running, support long‑term resilience, and ultimately play a role in keeping the lights on is incredibly rewarding. There is also a strong sense of purpose in recognising how this work supports wider economic growth, both by enabling the energy sector to operate efficiently and by helping create the conditions for future investment and innovation. The scale and significance of these projects make the work both motivating and fulfilling.

Share a piece of career advice.

My advice to anyone starting their career is to embrace opportunities and stay adaptable. It’s okay not to know exactly what you want to do early on so expose yourself to as many different experiences as possible and don’t pigeonhole yourself too soon. Never stop challenging yourself, always be open to adapt your skill set and keep your professional development forefront of your personal and professional goals. With that in mind, I encourage early-career team members to work towards relevant chartership and professional memberships early in their career. Listen to your peers, absorb as much knowledge as you can, and focus on building strong relationships.

I often encourage early‑career team members to talk to everyone. When you’re on a site visit, take the time to chat with — and really listen to — the people on site or in the office. These conversations help you understand exactly what stakeholders and clients need.

Our Impact Assessment team collaborates with a wide variety of clients and technical teams, and sometimes we’re the face of those teams on projects. Remember: the early‑career professionals of today are the leaders of tomorrow, and the connections you build now will be invaluable throughout your career.

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At SME MineXchange 2026, Amber co-chaired a session titled “Reclaiming the Past: Strategies for Managing Abandoned Mine Lands”. When more than 6,000 mining professionals gathered, the industry’s momentum was unmistakable. Yet in her session, a different story unfolded, one centered on legacy, responsibility and the scale of work still ahead.

The scale of the challenge came into sharp focus
The tone across the session was clear: despite decades of progress, abandoned mine lands (AMLs) across the U.S. remain a vast challenge. Presenters showcased characterization studies across watersheds in states like Kansas, Missouri and Oklahoma that showed ongoing impacts from historic lead and zinc mining. Others discussed uranium mine waste assessments, underscoring both environmental risk and the complex regulatory pathways associated with radioactive materials.

The consensus was consistent. Thousands of abandoned sites remain, and clarity on how to remediate them is limited.

Remining waste is becoming a major area of interest
An emerging theme was the growing momentum around examining historic mine waste for critical and rare earth minerals. As demand rises for metals essential to clean energy and technology supply chains, several presenters focused on:

• Assessing waste piles for rare earths
• Evaluating lead zinc districts for byproduct value
• Exploring whether uranium bearing waste could be reprocessed

The idea of remining the past is gaining traction as teams consider whether environmental remediation and mineral recovery can be aligned.

However, the discussion also addressed the practical barriers. Many AML sites are too small for a modern processing plant to be viable. Presenters also emphasized a key caution: disturbing an abandoned waste pile can transfer legal liability to the party that touches it.

The opportunity is real. The risks are too.

The audience kept coming back to one question: who pays?
Funding dominated the presentations and the Q&A. Because most abandoned mines lack a responsible party, remediation relies on inconsistent or limited funding sources. Audience questions repeatedly circled back to:

• Where will funding for reclamation come from?
• How can small sites justify investment?
• What role can re‑mining play in closing the financial gap?

Presenters described the patchwork that currently exists: some state AML programs, occasional federal support, and in rare cases private landowners willing to assume liability. Good Samaritan protections help but are not perfect. Political, financial and regulatory uncertainty was a recurring theme.

New tools are reshaping how teams understand old problems
While many technologies were familiar to the room, one area felt like a clear step forward: remote sensing and advanced investigation techniques. Presenters highlighted:

• Drone based surveys for mapping dangerous or inaccessible terrain
• LiDAR imaging to identify subsidence zones and historic features
• Tracer studies that tracked contaminants from elevated mine workings to downstream watercourses, pinpointing where passive treatment should occur

These tools are transforming site characterisation by improving precision, safety and the clarity of remediation strategies.

Safety closures continue to evolve
One presentation showcased the use of high tensile, flexible wire mesh (such as systems produced by Geobrugg) to close shafts in remote, hard to access areas. These barriers aren’t designed to prevent intentional trespassing, but they significantly reduce the risk of accidental falls, especially during winter recreation when snow can obscure open shafts.

It’s becoming a practical, scalable tool in the AML safety toolkit.

The session reaffirmed long‑standing realities and the value of community
For practitioners with decades of experience, the session largely reinforced trends that have shaped AML work for years: complex liability, funding uncertainties and the slow regulatory progress. Most of the ideas discussed are ones we’ve been talking about for 25 to 30 years.

But the value of the session wasn’t novelty, it was connection. Abandoned mine work is a tight‑knit field, and sessions like this give practitioners space to compare notes, share lessons learned and challenge assumptions. That collaboration remains one of MineXchange’s greatest strengths.

Beyond the session: An industry gearing up for growth
Outside the AML conversation, MineXchange 2026 presented an industry that is both buoyant and evolving. Keynotes stressed the strategic importance of streamlining permitting, which can take a decade or more. Federal recognition of copper and other materials as critical minerals was highlighted as a potential lever to accelerate certain approvals.

With metal prices at historic highs, mining in the U.S. is seeing renewed investment and optimism.

Looking ahead
The session underscored a truth that continues to define AML work: the legacy of historic mining still shapes modern landscapes and addressing it will require both technical innovation and policy clarity. But it also highlighted the opportunities emerging at the intersection of remediation, technology and mineral recovery.

As the industry continues to rise, the past does not need to be a burden. With the right strategies, and the funding and regulatory support to match, it can become a platform for progress.

The post Understanding the scale and complexity of abandoned mine lands appeared first on Blog.

One of Felipe’s initial projects was the Highway 401 Expansion from the Credit River to Regional Road 25 in Mississauga, Ontario. Beyond highway improvements, this design-build-finance project also included the complex Highway 401/407 interchange, connecting two major Ontario roadways and the future Highway 413 corridor. He was involved in early preliminary design, progressed as a core member of the owner’s engineer/technical advisor team, and continued through construction and operation. This experience enabled him to advance a major project from early planning through construction and implementation. As residents of Mississauga, Felipe and his family directly benefit from the community improvements resulting from the engineering, environmental consultation and construction on this project.

Tell us about a project that has been a major highlight of your career. How is it delivering a better world?

While working on Highway 401 was a significant step in my career and offered tremendous learning, I recently served as the Deputy Project Manager and Highway Engineer on the Highway 413 Corridor Route Planning Study. This project has given me the opportunity to advance new infrastructure in the Greater Toronto Area. Highway 413 is a new transportation corridor northwest of the City of Toronto being delivered by the Ontario Ministry of Transportation (MTO) to relieve congestion on major highways and improve mobility for those who live and work in the region.

This highway program includes 59 kilometers of new highway infrastructure, including 52 kilometers on Highway 413 and two extensions to nearby Highways 410 and 427. It will provide expanded highway capacity, improved connections between major highways and numerous interchanges — significantly reducing travel times for drivers in nearby regions while enabling better connections between communities. The project also includes active transportation features and potential for future transit.

As Deputy Project Manager and Highway Engineer, I was heavily involved in project management and design, including coordination across multi-disciplinary teams. The design of this corridor is extensive. It includes four freeway-to-freeway and 14 arterial interchanges, over 20 roadway underpasses and overpasses, crossings over the Credit River and the Humber River, numerous watercourse crossings and culverts. Protection for a transitway adjacent to the corridor, including stations and carpool lots, was also considered.

Our team worked proactively with MTO to integrate design standard updates and to reflect stakeholder input from municipalities, conservation authorities and major utilities on key design elements. As part of this large-scale project, we also assisted MTO in identifying corridor segments suitable for early works that could be fast-tracked to detailed design and construction.

To inform the next phase of the project, I was also heavily involved in developing a design and construction phasing strategy, allowing MTO to advance the procurement of the Highway 410 Extension from Mayfield Road to Hurontario Street in the City of Brampton.

What key challenge did you and your team face on this project? How did you solve it?

A key challenge on a publicly visible project of this magnitude is collecting and responding to input on design elements from surrounding municipalities and key stakeholders across the entire corridor. What’s more, our project team faced emerging geopolitical and regulatory issues, design standard updates, changes in traffic demand, and other concerns that shaped stakeholder input as our work evolved. Through an extensive consultation program delivered in collaboration with MTO, we conducted multiple meetings, workshops, working groups, public information sessions and other communication tactics to facilitate input and feedback. These produced insights into future road improvements, active transportation elements, road servicing, utilities management, future growth strategies and ongoing project coordination.

The early phasing work we completed also helped MTO understand and anticipate potential challenges that might arise along the corridor over the next five, 10 or 15 years. Similarly, it allowed them to identify corridor segments that could be advanced in collaboration with stakeholders to expedite construction, avoid costly temporary works and prevent schedule delays. Beyond stakeholder engagement, we worked with MTO to conduct workshops focused on cost and schedule risk assessment, value engineering and constructability to identify critical risks and develop effective mitigation strategies.

By establishing these dynamic and responsive feedback channels, we maintained consistent interaction and fostered trusted relationships where municipalities and other stakeholders felt heard and understood.

How has this experience shaped your approach to future work and expanded your career at ArchTam? What lessons did you learn?

On Highway 413, we effectively incorporated feedback into a preliminary design that aligned with MTO’s vision while respecting stakeholder input. By overcoming numerous technical challenges, evolving landscapes and varying conditions across the project, we learned lessons that will help me anticipate and mitigate challenges on future projects of similar scope and size. For example, during the study, local municipalities were updating their Transportation Master Plans and Official Plans. Given the Highway 413 corridor spans more than 10 municipalities and regions, consultation and review of the plans with stakeholders was critical for them to clearly understand land use changes and impacts of the freeway on local interchanges and road crossings. This allowed MTO to set the baseline for future legal agreements with these municipalities and regions around their road networks and active transportation needs.

The release of updated MTO design standards also meant our design team had to review the entire corridor and update geometrics to meet or exceed these enhanced design requirements. This resulted in a multi-disciplinary review of the corridor, including drainage, environmental, structural and other key elements. We completed this work within a short timeframe and presented a modified design that met MTO’s latest guidelines and standards while still aligning with MTO’s overall project vision.  

Working on this project allowed me to truly understand the positive outcomes achieved through early engagement and transparency with municipalities, conservation authorities, utilities, rail operators, transit agencies and others impacted by a major new highway build. As the Highway 413 project progresses to its next phase, those trusted relationships forged with key stakeholders across the highway corridor will help the project advance in a cost-effective, responsible and sustainable manner.

Want to learn more about the Highway 413 project and how it will positively impact Ontario?

The post Deep Dive with Felipe Sapateiro appeared first on Blog.

Rich Millet is a seasoned water resources and dam engineering leader with six decades of experience guiding major infrastructure projects across the United States. Early in his career, he played a central role in dam, surface water and reservoir development along the East Coast before becoming one of the principal design engineers for Metropolitan Water District’s Diamond Valley Reservoir. This is a landmark $2-billion off-stream storage project that transformed an empty valley into a fully operational reservoir in under five years and established critical water supply redundancy for Southern California.

Rich later led the California Department of Water Resources’ Urban and Non-Urban Levee Evaluation Program, a nine-year forensic assessment of roughly 1,300 miles of levees throughout Central Valley, California. The effort produced a comprehensive risk categorization system and helped spur nearly $4 billion in subsequent levee improvements, significantly reducing statewide flood risk to population and infrastructure. Over his long tenure with ArchTam and its legacy firms, Rich has also held senior leadership roles, including principal, Bay Area office manager, Denver office manager, Board of Directors member, and Chief Practice Officer before transitioning into his current role as a senior consultant. Today he mentors and advises staff across multiple active water and dam related projects, providing senior technical review, guidance and support. This February, he celebrated an extraordinary milestone: 60 years with ArchTam.

Tell us about what inspired you to join the industry.

I was always good at math and science, and as I was finishing high school, I found myself torn between two very different paths. I had a physical education teacher in grammar school who made a great impression on me, and for a while I thought becoming a gym teacher would be a meaningful and rewarding career. I’ve always been athletic, so the idea of working with kids and staying active really appealed to me.

At the same time, my brother-in-law was a civil engineer, and I was drawn to the idea of working outdoors and not being tied to a desk. I ended up choosing engineering, probably with a little encouragement from my parents, and went to Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, which is a strong engineering school in Troy, New York. During my time there, I joined ROTC, was commissioned in the Corps of Engineers and spent two years at the Army Engineer School at Fort Belvoir teaching basic engineering courses.

After completing my service, I knew I wanted to focus on geotechnical engineering rather than structural or transportation work. That led me to Woodward Clyde, which was one of the top geotechnical firms in the country at the time. I applied and was hired into the New York–New Jersey operations. From there, my water resources career really took off.

What is your favorite ArchTam project that you’ve worked on and why?

My favorite ArchTam project is definitely Urban Levee Evaluation (ULE) and Non-Urban Levee Evaluation (NULE). The project was a nine-year effort, and the sheer scale was incredible. At any given time, we had about twenty to twenty-five inhouse staff working on the project, supported by four or five primary consulting firms and another twenty or so secondary firms, including environmental support teams, surveyors, labs and drilling companies. It really had everything in it, and it was extremely rewarding. One of the biggest accomplishments on this project was developing resources and databases that are still used today. We prepared a handbook for the state that continues to guide consultants working on levee projects in California and beyond. We also created a cost estimating tool, a simplified design flow chart for remediation, and a suite of technical and resource documents that have had long-lasting value. Knowing that these tools are still in use is something I’m very proud of.

Over 60 years, I’ve had the chance to work on a lot of great projects, but this one stands out not just because it was recent, but because of how immersive and complex it was. Nine years is a long time to be involved in a single effort. At times, it felt like a complex balancing act, but it was one of the most rewarding experiences of my career.

Tell us about your work with cutoff walls and how that became your area of expertise.

I first became involved with cutoff walls in the early 1970s when the technology was still very new. A former Woodward Clyde principal introduced the concept to me. At the time, we had a client building a series of reservoirs that needed a reliable way to control seepage beneath their dams. The idea of creating a vertical, low permeability barrier in the ground to block water flow was innovative for that period, and I was immediately intrigued. We designed and constructed our first cutoff wall for one of their smaller dams, and its success led to several more dams and cutoff wall systems being constructed for that same client. That early exposure put me at the forefront of the technology long before it became commonplace. Over the years, I have authored award-winning technical papers and helped shape technical specifications that are still referenced now. To date, I have participated in over 50 cutoff wall projects with depths reaching 145 feet.

Since then, cutoff walls have remained a consistent and specialized part of my career, particularly for dams and levees where seepage control is critical to public safety. I often get called to support teams across ArchTam on technical decisions, design approaches and constructability questions. I also serve on two national technical panels through the Deep Foundations Institute and the United States Committee on Large Dams, helping advance best practices for soil bentonite and related wall systems. Today, I continue to work on major cutoff wall projects, including deep installations for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers in the Natomas Basin near Sacramento. After more than fifty years in this field, cutoff walls have become one of the areas where I bring deep, practical experience — especially valuable for complex dam projects where seepage control is fundamental to performance and long-term resilience.

Tell us a story of how your work positively impacted the community.

When I think about how my work has positively impacted the community, I go back to the ULE and NULE programs. The work we did there significantly enhanced public safety and the protection of critical infrastructure in Northern California. Since we completed our evaluations and the resulting remedial construction work, the region has experienced several major storm events, and those levees have performed well. In many ways, the biggest success is that nothing happened. The improvements held, and communities were protected. That is extremely rewarding.

Another major project that stands out is the Diamond Valley Reservoir for the Metropolitan Water District. That reservoir provides almost a year’s water supply for Southern California and was designed with the recognition that much of the region’s water comes from Northern California. If an earthquake disrupted that flow, Southern California could have been in a very difficult position. By creating this massive off-stream storage system, supported by three major dams, the Diamond Valley project helped ensure a more secure and resilient water supply for millions of people. All the water in that reservoir is pumped in from the California and Colorado River Aqueducts, so it serves as a critical buffer for the entire region.

There often isn’t recognition for this type of work because the best outcome is when the public doesn’t notice anything at all, and the systems perform exactly the way they’re supposed to. That’s certainly true for both the levee program and the Diamond Valley Reservoir. The results speak for themselves: communities are safer, flooding risks have been reduced and Southern California now has a far more reliable water supply. Knowing that these efforts have strengthened resilience and protected people’s lives and infrastructure is the real reward.

Share a piece of career advice.

I’ve always believed that communication is the key to being a successful consulting engineer. Our work depends on explaining technical recommendations clearly so clients understand what needs to be done and why. If you can’t communicate — whether in writing or in person — it’s very hard to be effective because even the best technical work won’t go anywhere if others can’t follow it.

Today, with so much analysis done on computers and with AI, strong communication skills are more valuable than ever. When engineers learn to speak and write clearly, they can share their ideas with confidence, build trust with clients and take on greater responsibility. Being able to stand in front of a client or community group and explain your work opens doors, and it’s one of the most important capabilities you can develop for a successful and rewarding career.

Header image photo credit: Central Valley Flood Protection Board

The post People Spotlight: Meet Rich Millet appeared first on Blog.

In West Cumbria, we’re working with Nuclear Waste Services (NWS) to deliver social value commitments through its Integrated Design and Engineering Framework (IDEF). While the work is still at an early stage, the focus has been on setting strong foundations – shaping the plan collaboratively, targeting support where it can have the greatest impact and working closely with organisations across the programme.

Here, Tracy Badham, Social Responsibility Manager at NWS, and Nicola Gorrill, Social Value Lead at ArchTam, discuss how that approach is taking shape.

Tell us about how you came up with the social value plan.

How does having someone embedded locally strengthen the partnership?

How has collaboration shaped the way social value is delivered in practice?

Nicola, how has your experience on other programmes influenced your approach here?

How are you setting the social value plan up for success going forward?

The post Setting up for success: partnering to deliver social value in West Cumbria appeared first on Blog.

Natalie is a project manager, and process engineer based in the Winnipeg, Manitoba office. As the Area Market Sector Leader for Western Canada, her focus is mainly on wastewater treatment. Natalie completed her master’s thesis in civil engineering on deammonification in 2017 while on maternity leave. She and her family are avid camping enthusiasts.

Tell us about what inspired you to join the industry.

I fell into the water industry by accident. I had originally entered engineering thinking that I would be mitigating environmental degradation through Environmental Impact Assessments, following my mother’s footsteps as a soil conservationist. In 2016, a co-op position within ArchTam’s Winnipeg water department changed my mind, when I was able to work alongside inspiring people on a few interesting projects.

What is your favorite ArchTam project that you’ve worked on and why?

I’ve been lucky and very grateful to work on many projects where I’ve been challenged with stretch goals, and worked with interesting clients on diverse infrastructure concepts. I enjoy alternative delivery projects that allow for extensive collaboration with owners and the construction team. This collaboration allows for ‘project-best’ decisions, with the entire team prioritizing the project’s best interests. The upgrades at the North End Wastewater Treatment Plant for the City of Winnipeg have enabled our team to deliver each phase in the most effective way for the project. ArchTam is the Owner Engineer, and we help the City determine the delivery method first before moving forward. As the program manager, I enjoy building an ArchTam team from around the globe; being able to reach out and bring expert support for this upgrade is very rewarding. Recently, we’ve been deploying over 100 ArchTam staff per month to support our 8 active projects within the program. From designers and managers to wastewater operators, quality reviewers, DB advisors, cost estimators, and project controls, we leverage a wide range of expertise within ArchTam. Having such a diverse team allows us to approach problems from different angles and develop solutions that mitigate risks. This project has made me very proud to work for a company that truly values our various levels of technical expertise.

Tell us a story of how your work positively impacted the community.

When I started working full-time after graduation, I was given the opportunity to relocate to Trinidad to help a team on the design of two new wastewater treatment facilities and collection systems that ArchTam had been awarded. I was able to help but also learn on every project aspect. In addition to the facilities’ design, we encountered challenges that are likely unique to developing countries. For example, there were no proper as-builts on some of the sewered portions so we had to build our own – popping manholes and measuring. It was personally eye-opening to see how wastewater collection and treatment had been previously handled. Almost every community had potable water, but wastewater was either overflowing into drainage ditches or running through abandoned or neglected treatment facilities. Although it took a while for construction to begin, the impact that ArchTam’s team has made on improving the wastewater infrastructure and overall environment in Trinidad cannot be overstated.  

Share a piece of career advice.

Never stop asking questions, and don’t be afraid to ask for help. It’s through setting those stretch goals for yourself and figuring out how to achieve them that you can meet some incredible people within ArchTam and our industry.

You should also try to get involved in a professional organization outside of work. Help organize an event, meet up with the local young professional (or old professional!) group, provide mentoring, and just get out there and meet your peers from other companies. Share your passion for doing what you love.

The post People Spotlight: Meet Natalie Wilson appeared first on Blog.

During disasters, disruptions rarely affect just one system. A power outage can shut down water pumps. Flooded roads can delay emergency response. Communications failures can slow down recovery. What begins as a localized incident can quickly cascade across multiple lifelines.

This reality underscores a critical shift in how we must think about infrastructure. Power, water, transportation, communications and buildings are not independent assets. They are community lifelines — deeply interconnected systems that sustain public safety, economic activity, healthcare and daily life.

To effectively protect communities, we must move beyond siloed infrastructure management and adopt a whole-systems approach — one that integrates reliability, resilience, and service continuity into planning and investment decisions.

Power, water, transportation, communications and buildings aren’t just technical systems. Since these lifelines keep communities functioning, the operators managing them face a host of complex challenges, including aging assets, frequent weather-related risks, regulatory scrutiny and budget constraints.

The good news is that there’s a growing shift in the approach to infrastructure management. Organizations are moving away from reactive repairs after failure to proactive planning that enables continuity through disruptions. The question is no longer whether to invest in resilience, but how to translate the value of prioritizing these investments for regulators, customers and communities.

Infrastructure planning has historically focused on individual assets or sectors. In practice, however, no lifeline operates alone.

• Power feeds water and wastewater systems
• Transportation enables emergency response and repair crews
• Communications connect first responders and public services
• Buildings house critical operations and healthcare facilities

When one system fails, the impacts rarely stay contained. The most severe losses from disaster often aren’t from the initial event, but from the chain reaction of failures that follow.

Reliability and resilience: Why both matter

Infrastructure performance has long been measured by reliability — keeping services running under normal conditions. Reliability investments focus on asset condition, routine maintenance and preventing predictable failures. They improve baseline performance and customer satisfaction.

But reliability alone is not enough.

A system can perform flawlessly every day and still fail catastrophically during extreme events. This is where resilience becomes essential.

Resilience determines how systems perform under stress — during wildfires, floods, extreme heat, cyber disruptions, or other high-impact events. It shapes whether outages last hours or weeks and whether communities can stabilize quickly.

The strongest infrastructure programs integrate both:

• Reliability keeps services running on good days
• Resilience means communities can function on their worst days

A reliable system without resilience can still collapse under stress. A resilient system without reliability creates unnecessary daily disruption. Communities need both.

Three practical ways to strengthen reliability and resilience:

1. Prioritize the service outcomes that matter most

Focus on protecting the services with the highest consequences if disrupted: public safety, health, economic continuity and essential operations.

This means identifying and reinforcing critical interdependencies such as:

• Electrical supply to water and wastewater pump stations
• Power and access routes to hospitals and emergency operations centers
• Transportation corridors that enable repair crews and supply chains

By prioritizing these crucial service nodes, decision makers invest where failure would cause the greatest harm. This reduces both everyday disruption and the risk of cascading failures during crises.

2. Translate resilience into measurable performance outcomes

Resilience can sound abstract. To gain support from regulators, governing boards and stakeholders, it must be framed in terms they already use. Instead of presenting a project as “resilience,” operators can describe concrete outcomes, such as:

• Reducing service restoration times from weeks to days
• Protecting power supply to critical facilities (e.g., hospitals or water utilities)
• Maintaining water quality during extreme weather
• Improving recovery time for essential services

When resilience is tied to measurable performance metrics — like outage duration, time to restore critical customers, or continuity of essential services — it becomes an accountability-driven investment, not a discretionary upgrade.

3. Embed resilience into routine capital planning

Resilience should not compete as a standalone initiative. It should be integrated into regular maintenance, modernization and lifecycle planning.

Practical examples include:

• Elevating or hardening equipment already scheduled for replacement
• Incorporating future hazard projections into standard design criteria
• Updating asset management strategies to reflect intensifying risks

Embedding resilience into planned upgrades reduces incremental costs and avoids creating isolated projects that are harder to fund or approve.

Build resilience before disaster strikes

Communities often coordinate effectively during emergencies. The larger opportunity lies before disasters by integrating whole-systems thinking into long-term planning and capital investment.

Formal frameworks and emergency management structures support cross-sector coordination. The next step is connecting those frameworks directly to investment decisions, so communities are not just responding better but investing smarter. Infrastructure is more than steel and concrete. It is the foundation of public safety, economic vitality and daily life. By adopting a whole-systems approach and investing in both reliability and resilience, communities can reduce cascading risk, accelerate recovery and strengthen the systems we rely on every day. This way we are not just coordinating during a crisis but investing ahead of time.

See Jordanna discuss this topic with other panelists at the Building for Tomorrow Conference:

The post Breaking the cascade: Three keys to establishing reliable, resilient community lifelines appeared first on Blog.

This time, we caught up with Jennifer Williams, Vice President, Civil Engineering, Water, in the U.S. West region to discover how she chose the path she’s on today.   

Hi Jennifer. What do you do for ArchTam? 

I’ve been with ArchTam and legacy companies for almost 30 years. I contribute to both business development and project delivery by representing ArchTam on a variety of professional societies, managing client relationships and programs, and serving technical roles on dam inspection, analysis, risk assessments, design and construction projects. After raising two daughters, I enjoy spending time in the outdoors of Colorado.

Tell us about your career journey.

I didn’t know what an engineer was until I was about 16. Back then, we didn’t have STEM classes like students do now. My older sister went to the Colorado School of Mines, an all-engineering school, and that was the first time I really learned what engineering was all about. I was inspired by what she was doing and decided to follow in her footsteps.

I began my career out of college as a staff engineer with legacy company Woodward-Clyde in Omaha, Nebraska, specializing in soft soil characterization and mitigation. Much of my early experience was hands-on — working behind a cone penetration test (CPT) or drill rig logging soils or performing construction oversight on civil earthwork projects. I also supported the senior principal, Steve Saye, on design of embankments on soft soils and research into settlement mitigation techniques. He became an early mentor, and after about three years, when I was ready to return home to Denver, he helped make that move possible.

After transferring to the Denver office (then URS), I worked as a project engineer on a broad range of geotechnical projects, including landslide mitigation, landfill design, mine tailings dams, and deep foundations. I eventually asked to be paired with John France, a senior practitioner specializing in dams, and soon joined my first dam project. From that experience, I was immediately drawn to dam engineering — the multidisciplinary nature of the work, the teamwork required to solve complex problems, and the depth of expertise within the office. I was motivated by the variety and technical challenge of each project, the range of geotechnical analyses involved, and the opportunity to collaborate closely with multiple disciplines.

After about 10 years, I transitioned into project management and business development, preparing proposals, engaging with clients and presenting at technical conferences — while continuing to contribute technically. These experiences improved my connection to clients and the broader industry, paving the way for managing larger and more complex programs.

Today, as a vice president at ArchTam, I enjoy a dynamic balance between technical work, project management and business development. I currently serve as the technical lead and project manager for the design of a new 300-foot-tall embankment dam here in Colorado. Additionally, I’m the program manager for technical engineering services for a large hydroelectric company in the Northwest, contributing to a broad range of dam-related work. Beyond that, I assist state dam safety programs in advancing their use of risk-informed decision making, including Colorado, Hawaii and New Mexico.

I’m also actively engaged with the broader dam safety community through various roles — serving on the Board of Directors for the U.S. Society on Dams, chairing the Technical Advisory Committee for the Association of Dam Safety Officials, and being the U.S. representative on the Embankment Dam Committee for the International Commission on Large Dams.

How has mentorship helped you on your path?

Your career path is often shaped, if not defined, by the strengths of the teams and individuals you work with. I’ve had the great fortune to work with a few very impactful mentors — John France, Dick Davidson, and Steve Saye to name a few — who played crucial roles in my career. Their openness in sharing knowledge and their passion for excellence really inspired me and helped me grow. What stood out most was their direct candor; they gave me honest feedback that accelerated my learning curve. They also trusted me by giving responsibility while always having my back — checking my work and redirecting me when needed. That balance of support and challenge really helped propel my career forward and taught me the value of strong mentorship.

What’s something you wish someone told you years ago?

Something I wish I’d learned earlier in my career is the value of seeking out diverse perspectives and learning from peers and senior practitioners alike. Never hesitate to ask questions or seek advice — no matter your level of experience. Collaboration and curiosity lead to better solutions, and there’s no shame in not having all the answers; in fact, some of the best ideas come from simply asking for input.

What advice do you have for women who want to get into dams or another traditionally male-dominated industry?

My advice to women interested in entering the dam industry, or any traditionally male-dominated field, is to not define yourself by the gender balance around you. Seek out mentors, both male and female, who support your growth and push you to take on challenges. Be confident in your skills, stay curious and keep learning. Earn respect through a strong work ethic, technical excellence, and an open, collaborative attitude. The industry needs diverse voices and approaches, especially in engineering fields where collaboration, innovation and problem solving are essential.

If not this path, what would have been your career plan B?

If I hadn’t pursued engineering, I think I would have explored a career in the medical field. I’ve always been drawn to problem solving and helping people, and medicine offers a unique way to do both in a very direct and meaningful way. Whether it was becoming a nurse, a physical therapist, or working in medical research, the idea of contributing to people’s health and wellbeing really appealed to me.

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Record investment is reshaping data center delivery

The momentum behind AI data center development continues to accelerate. Big Tech has announced plans to invest an estimated US$660 billion in AI and data center construction in 2026 alone. To put that figure into perspective, the combined annual spend of just four major technology companies now rivals the gross domestic product of countries such as Sweden or Argentina.

With this unprecedented scale of investment, the challenge of delivering data centers on time and on budget is becoming more complex. Access to reliable baseload energy, availability of land with viable power connections, planning approvals and rising local community opposition are all emerging as binding constraints. Against this backdrop, the traditional approach to delivery — siloed optimization of individual projects — is under strain. A different market model may be requisite, one that places greater emphasis on partnerships to build capability, share risk and manage uncertainty.

From project delivery to system‑level risk

As the scale and complexity of data center development increases, the core question is no longer whether the market can build fast enough, but whether existing delivery models are fit for a system defined by long‑term power uncertainty, regulatory volatility and growing community scrutiny. In this context, partnerships and alliances are becoming essential — not simply to accelerate delivery, but to enable the deliberate allocation of technical, financial and regulatory risk across parties over the full life of the asset.

Power uncertainty and the growing risk of stranded assets

In conversations with clients across the value chain, market risk increasingly dominates the discussion, and one theme that surfaces repeatedly is the risk of stranded assets. Data centers and associated infrastructure are often designed for a 30+ year lifespan, yet they are being built amidst significant uncertainty around long-term power demand. Transformational technology shifts, including advances in computing efficiency and the potential emergence of quantum computing, could materially alter future power requirements, challenging the assumptions underpinning today’s capital investment decisions. Regulatory volatility, driven by political change over relatively short cycles, adds another layer of risk to long-term planning. These uncertainties are forcing developers, utilities and capital providers to reconsider whether traditional, single‑party delivery models can adequately manage risk over multi‑decade horizons.

Permitting complexity is now a critical path risk

Permitting is also emerging as a critical constraint on data center growth. There are three layers of approval: federal, state and local. While reform efforts are underway at the federal and state levels, the critical path — time-sensitive approvals that ultimately determine project timelines — increasingly run through local jurisdictions. Permits relating to air, water and energy can take years to secure, even in states with relatively accommodating regulatory frameworks. Many developers report that the complexity of local permitting and approvals can significantly shape project timelines, making close coordination with local authorities crucial for project delivery.

Community scrutiny and the importance of social licence

Alongside permitting, community stakeholder opposition is becoming more pronounced. Concerns around power prices, emissions, water demand and noise levels are prompting greater scrutiny of new developments. This reinforces the need for early, transparent and sustained engagement with local communities. For data center developers, articulating the tangible benefits a project brings to a region — jobs, infrastructure investment and long-term economic value — is central to securing support and maintaining momentum.

Taken together, these pressures raise a fundamental question: what is the most effective way for companies to approach delivery in a rapidly evolving data center ecosystem? As illustrated by the breadth of participants working towards a common goal — from developers and hyperscalers to energy providers, utilities, municipalities, financiers and real estate owners — all parties must come together to share risk and expertise to deliver data centers to the scale that our current and future energy needs demand.

Why partnerships and alliances are becoming essential

Partnerships and alliances are becoming essential, but the nature of these partnerships is changing. The challenge is no longer collaboration for speed or efficiency alone; it is how technical, financial and regulatory risk is allocated across parties over the full life of the asset. Who carries which risks, and for how long, matters more than ever. Successful models will be those that identify natural synergies across the ecosystem and structure partnerships deliberately, with clear risk‑return logic and sufficient flexibility to adapt as market conditions evolve.

The executive takeaway is clear: data center delivery is no longer about optimizing individual projects. It is about structuring the right partnerships early to manage system-level risk across power, permitting, capital and community considerations over decades, not just delivery schedules measured in months.

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As an associate vice president and key member of ArchTam Canada’s Impact Assessment and Permitting team, Emma leads environmental planning, permitting and engagement on complex transportation programs across Ontario. With over 20 years of experience, she integrates environmental requirements into program strategy from planning to procurement, through design, delivery and closeout to protect compliance and schedule, and maintain stakeholder confidence.

Tell us about a project that has impacted or been a major highlight of your career. How is it delivering a better world?

Building excellence into highway programs

For me, highway projects typically involve aggressive schedules, evolving designs, alternative delivery models and layered regulatory requirements — all in highly visible public environments. A defining project in my career is the Highway 427 Expansion and Extension into Vaughan, Ontario where ArchTam was Owner’s Engineer for the Ontario Ministry of Transportation. This was a Design-Build-Finance program requiring strict compliance with thousands of environmental and contractual obligations while advancing delivery to meet regional growth demands. On this project, I worked closely with the owner and the contractor to align environmental performance with constructability and schedule certainty.

Initially involved in the preliminary design phase, our team worked proactively to secure regulatory approvals under the Species at Risk Act (SAR) and the Fisheries Act. During the field investigations, four bat species were identified. Within the same timeframe, the Ministry of Natural Resources and Forestry (MNRF) developed new protocols for these bat species and their habitats, deeming them at risk and requiring the project to undergo full permitting. This project was the first to fall under this new permitting structure, putting it under additional levels of scrutiny and review throughout the permitting process.

To maintain the project’s schedule, we obtained authorizations before developing the detail design. By leveraging our understanding of the permitting process and our strong relationships with key stakeholders and regulatory agencies, we facilitated advanced authorizations. Through consistent and effective consultation with MNRF, we used the reference concept design to identify risks and confirm the monitoring, mitigation and reporting requirements.

What was a key challenge you/your team faced while working on this project? How did you solve it?

Turning environmental risk into delivery confidence

With the design phase complete, I later rejoined the 427 program mid-construction and was quickly immersed in a complex regulatory framework where I supported the team in navigating environmental risk and oversaw compliance across planning, design development, delivery and closeout.

My focus was more than just compliance, it was ensuring environmental considerations actively supported program strategy, schedule certainty and decision-making. A persistent challenge on large highway programs is preventing environmental requirements from becoming barriers to progress. On Highway 427, I worked with the client and project leadership to translate environmental and permitting obligations into practical contractor actions that reflected evolving design and schedule pressures. Just as we did in the design phase, by explicitly connecting environmental risk to schedule and cost, we made informed decisions at pivotal moments, allowing the team to maintain compliance while sustaining delivery momentum.

Success depended on early risk identification and close coordination across program strategy, planning, design and delivery. Consistent engagement with regulatory agencies, Indigenous communities and stakeholders was also critical. Rather than treating environment as a standalone team, we were embedded in the program’s decision framework, supporting contractor and owner teams with real-time, risk-informed advice to balance constructability, compliance and accountability.

One of the key challenges for the 427 program revolved around its elements — the widening, the extension and municipal infrastructure adjustments such as local road realignments. To support SAR compliance, ArchTam oversaw the development and execution of practical planting schedules for habitat compensation to align construction timelines with species-specific requirements. We also simplified fragmented reporting by bringing multiple data sources into a single consolidated process. Throughout construction, our team completed frequent visual inspections, providing real-time guidance so the project could adjust quickly, and successfully establish replacement of sensitive habitats to remain compliant with permitting requirements.

Delivering better outcomes on complex highway infrastructure

New highways and highway extensions are essential to regional mobility, safety and economic growth. For me, delivering better highways means building responsibly by protecting environmental features, maintaining public trust, respecting community interests and conducting truly meaningful Indigenous engagement while meeting pressing transportation needs.

Across Highway 427 and other major local highway programs I’ve worked on, including the Bradford Bypass and the Highway 413 corridors, I’ve helped clients navigate complex and evolving regulatory landscapes while advancing infrastructure that is compliant, constructible and resilient. By integrating environmental considerations into strategy from the outset, we are positioning programs to succeed amid changing legislation, heightened scrutiny and accelerated timelines.

How has this experience shaped your approach to future work and expanded your career at ArchTam?

The Highway 427 Expansion and Extension fundamentally shaped how I approach future work by reinforcing the value of integrating environmental, social and constructability considerations into program strategy and planning at the outset, rather than adding later. It sharpened my ability to embed environmental requirements into decision frameworks, connect risks to schedule and cost, and cultivate a relationship-based project delivery approach across agencies, stakeholders, Indigenous partners and contractors.

This project also further established my role as a trusted advisor on large-scale, alternative delivery transportation programs and as a leader and mentor for teams navigating complicated, multi-party approval processes. As transportation programs become larger and more complex, with stringent delivery schedules and intense public scrutiny, it’s important for me to consistently share and apply these lessons as best practice across my work on critical highway and transit programs.

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